Adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone versus placebo in patients with resected stage IV melanoma with no evidence of disease (IMMUNED): final results of a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial.

Livingstone E, Zimmer L, Hassel JC, Fluck M, Eigentler TK, Loquai C et al, on behalf of the Dermatologic Cooperative Oncology Group.

Lancet 2022; 10358: 1117-1129.

Some 175 patients were randomized into one of three treatment arms. After a median of 49.2 months, recurrence-free survival was 64.2 per cent after the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab, 31.4 per cent after nivolumab alone and 15 per cent after placebo; P<0.0001. Combination treatment also improved overall survival.

Comment; Combination treatment should be standard in this group.